Lowpass filter: Difference between revisions
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'''lowpass filter''' is used to attenuate the higher frequencies, and "pass" the lower frequencies through. In perceptual audio coding it is used to lower the [[bitrate]] demand or to spare bits for the lower more important frequencies. Younger subjects can hear a loud sine wave up to 21-22kHz. The same subjects can't normally distinguish the difference between 19kHz lowpassed music and non-lowpassed music. | |||
[[Image:Fft_lowpass.png|frame|none|Figure 1: FFT analysis (Frequency-Amplitude domain)]] | [[Image:Fft_lowpass.png|frame|none|Figure 1: FFT analysis (Frequency-Amplitude domain)]] | ||
The figure on the left side | The figure on the left side is unfiltered, while the figure on the right is signal-filtered with a 15kHz lowpass filter. | ||
[[Image:Spectral_lowpass.png|none|frame|Figure 2: Spectral view (time-frequency domain)]] | [[Image:Spectral_lowpass.png|none|frame|Figure 2: Spectral view (time-frequency domain)]] | ||
The figure on the left side | The figure on the left side is unfiltered, while the figure on the right is signal-filtered with a 15kHz lowpass filter. | ||
==Digital filter design== | |||
There are several different ways to implement lowpass filters. The three most commonly used types, both in hardware and software implementations are: | |||
* [[Chebyshev filter]] | |||
* [[Butterworth filter]] | |||
* [[Bessel filter]] | |||
Each of these filters have their own advantages and disadvantages, depending upon the applications that they are being used for. The Chebyshev filter is considered "maximally flat", while Buttworth filter has the steepest roll-off. The Bessel filter is the most commonly used in audio signal processing due to the fact that it is a "linear phase" filter, meaning that it is free of any artifacts. This is compared in stark contrast to that of the Chebyshev filter. | |||
==References== | |||
* [http://www.filter-solutions.com/bessel.html Bessel/Linear Phase filters] graphical representation of linear phase filters is presented | |||
[[Category:Signal Processing]] | |||
Latest revision as of 06:41, 28 September 2009
lowpass filter is used to attenuate the higher frequencies, and "pass" the lower frequencies through. In perceptual audio coding it is used to lower the bitrate demand or to spare bits for the lower more important frequencies. Younger subjects can hear a loud sine wave up to 21-22kHz. The same subjects can't normally distinguish the difference between 19kHz lowpassed music and non-lowpassed music.
The figure on the left side is unfiltered, while the figure on the right is signal-filtered with a 15kHz lowpass filter.
The figure on the left side is unfiltered, while the figure on the right is signal-filtered with a 15kHz lowpass filter.
Digital filter design
There are several different ways to implement lowpass filters. The three most commonly used types, both in hardware and software implementations are:
Each of these filters have their own advantages and disadvantages, depending upon the applications that they are being used for. The Chebyshev filter is considered "maximally flat", while Buttworth filter has the steepest roll-off. The Bessel filter is the most commonly used in audio signal processing due to the fact that it is a "linear phase" filter, meaning that it is free of any artifacts. This is compared in stark contrast to that of the Chebyshev filter.
References
- Bessel/Linear Phase filters graphical representation of linear phase filters is presented